| A Language Modeling Approach to Information Retrieval Jay M Ponte, W Bruce Croft |
| A Language Modeling Approach to TREC Djoerd Hiemstra, Wessel Kraaij |
| A Markov Random Field Model for Term Dependencies Donald Metzler, W. Bruce Croft |
| A probabilistic justification for using tf×idf term weighting in information retrieval Djoerd Hiemstra |
| A statistical interpretation of term specificity and its application in retrieval Karen Spärck Jones |
| A Study of Smoothing Methods for Language Models Applied to Ad Hoc Information Retrieval Chengxiang Zhai, John Lafferty |
| A Tutorial on Okapi BM25 E. Garcia |
| Biterm Language Models for Document Retrieval Munirathnam Srikanth, Rohini Srihari |
| BM25F a multi-field extension of BM25 Hugo Zaragoza, Nick Craswell, Michael Taylor, Suchi Saria, Stephen Robertson |
| Exploiting Site-Level Information to Improve Web Search Andrei Brodery, Evgeniy Gabrilovichy, Vanja Josifovskiy George Mavromatisy, Donald Metzlerz, Jane Wang |
| Global statistics in proximity weighting models Craig Macdonald, Iadh Ounis |
| IDF revisited: A simple new derivation within the Robertson-Spärck Jones probabilistic model. Lillian Lee |
| Improvements to BM25 and Language Models Examined Andrew Trotman, Antti Puurula, Blake Burgess |
| Information retrieval as statistical translation Adam Berger, John Laerty |
| On the specification of term values in automatic indexing G. Salton, C.S. Yang - This is probably the earliest description of TFxIDF scheme!
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| Probabilistic Retrieval C. J. "Keith" van Rijsbergen - Chapter 6 from the book "Information Retrieval".
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| Quantitative Evaluation of Passage Retrieval Algorithms for Question Answering Stefanie Tellex, Boris Katz, Jimmy Lin, Aaron Fernandes, and Gregory Marton |
| Relevance-Based Language Models V Lavrenko, WB Croft |
| Simple BM25 Extension to Multiple Weighted Fields Stephen Robertson , Hugo Zaragoza , Michael Taylor |
| Some Simple Effective Approximations to the 2–Poisson Model for Probabilistic Weighted Retrieval S.E. Robertson, S. Walker - The description of ranking functions BM11 and BM15 that can be considered prototypes of the Okapi BM25 function.
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| Statistical Language Models for Information Retrieval A Critical Review ChengXiang Zhai |
| The Probabilistic Relevance Framework: BM25 and Beyond Stephen Robertson and Hugo Zaragoza |
| Understanding Inverse Document Frequency: On theoretical arguments for IDF Stephen Robertson |
| Understanding Inverted Document Frequency (a collection of links) Stephen Robertson |
| Using BM25F for Semantic Search Jose R. Perez Aguera, Javier Arroyo, Jane Greenberg |
| Using language models for information retrieval Djoerd Hiemstra - A must-read PhD thesis on language models.
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| Utilizing passage-based language models for document retrieval Michael Bendersky, Oren Kurland - Describes probabilistic model for proximity ranking.
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